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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarem | om t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaret | ot t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtara | ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarena | ona/ogəna t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtareda | oda/ogəda t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarat | ogət t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃəm | ʃəm t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃ | əʃ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃna | əʃna t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃda | əʃda t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃt | əʃt t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenam | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren oməl |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenat | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren otəl |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ogəl |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenːa | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenda | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenət | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarem əʎe | om t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaret əʎe | ot t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtara əʎe | ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarena əʎe | ona/ogəna t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtareda əʎe | oda/ogəda t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarat əʎe | ogət t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarem ulmaʃ | om t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaret ulmaʃ | ot t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtara ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtareda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarat ulmaʃ | ogət t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenam əʎe | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenat əʎe | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren əʎe | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenːa əʎe | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenda əʎe | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren əʎe | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenam ulmaʃ | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenat ulmaʃ | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ulmaʃ | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenːa ulmaʃ | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarenda ulmaʃ | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ulmaʃ | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtare | it t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʒe | ənʒe t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 1PL: | (t͡ɕoŋeʃtarena) | (ona/ogəna t͡ɕoŋeʃtare) |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəza | ida t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃt | ənəʃt t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarənem | ənem t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarənet | ənet t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneʒe | əneʒ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarənena | ənena t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneda | əneda t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneʃt | əneʃt t͡ɕoŋeʃtare |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarənem əʎe | ənem t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarənena əʎe | ənet t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarənena əʎe | ənena t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneda əʎe | əneda t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt t͡ɕoŋeʃtare əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarənet ulmaʃ | ənet t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneda ulmaʃ | əneda t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt t͡ɕoŋeʃtare ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaraʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəman |
| Active participle: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃe |
| Passive participle: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtaren |
| Negative gerund: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | t͡ɕoŋeʃtarədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||